Behaviour and tips
Periods of heat are generally easy to predict. Therefore, weather forecasts and information in the media should be heeded when temperatures rise.
During a heatwave, you should observe the following basic rules [1], [2]:
1 Avoid the heat!
- Do not go out in direct sunlight!
- Do not go outside at the hottest time (in the afternoon)!
- Postpone physical activity outdoors until early in the morning!
- Don't forget sunscreen! Use sunscreen with at least sun protection factor 20, and sun protection factor 30 for small children. Reapply sunscreen regularly if you are outdoors for long periods.
- Don't forget your headgear! Sunshades can also be helpful.
2. keep your home cool!
- Only ventilate when it is cooler outside than inside!
- Avoid direct sunlight during the day!
3. keep your body cool and make sure you drink enough fluids and electrolytes!
- Wear light-coloured, airy clothing and a hat!
- Take a cool shower or a cool bath!
- Drink enough and regularly!
4. chronically ill people are already under additional strain, and anyone who is one of these particularly affected people or cares for chronically ill people should clarify the measures with the doctor treating them as a precaution, for example with regard to the administration of medication.
Recommendations for measures and first aid in the event of heat-related illnesses
Help for collapsed patients: People at risk of heat stroke, heat exhaustion, heat cramps, heat collapse or sunstroke can be recognised by symptoms such as cramps in the arms and legs, dizziness and a feeling of weakness, very red or very pale skin. Immediate first aid measures are [3]:
- Move the patient into the shade,
- elevate their upper body,
- loosen or open clothing,
- cool the patient (e.g. place moist compresses on the head) and give them mineral water to drink and
- call an ambulance
Sources:
[1]: DWD, 2021: Heat warnings
[2]: BBK, 2021: Precaution and behaviour in heat and drought
[3]: Free State of Saxony: Tips in hot weather